249 research outputs found
Morphology and hardness ratio exploitation under limited statistics
Gamma-ray astronomy has produced for several years now sky maps for low
photon statistics, non-negligible background and comparatively poor angular
resolution. Quantifying the significance of spatial features remains difficult.
Besides, spectrum extraction requires regions with large statistics while maps
in energy bands allow only qualitative interpretation. The two main competing
mechanisms in the VHE domain are the Inverse-Compton emission from accelerated
electrons radiating through synchrotron in the X-ray domain and the
interactions between accelerated hadrons and the surrounding medium, leading to
the production and subsequent decay of Pi0 mesons. The spectrum of the VHE
emission from leptons is predicted to steepen with increasing distance from the
acceleration zone, owing to synchrotron losses (i.e. cooled population). It
would remain approximately constant for hadrons. Ideally, spectro-imaging
analysis would have the same spatial scale in the TeV and X-ray domains, to
distinguish the local emission mechanisms. More realistically, we investigate
here the possibility of improving upon the currently published HESS results by
using more sophisticated tools.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, Proceeding for a poster at the GAMMA08 Heidelberg
Symposiu
Palliative surgical treatment of patients, suffering proximal tumoral affection of biliary ducts and the jaundice syndrome
Objective. To compare the efficacy of methods of miniinvasive palliative treatment of malignant hilar strictures with the jaundice syndrome.
Materials and methods. Into the investigation 71 patients, suffering proximal obturation jaundice of tumoral genesis, were included. The patients were divided into three Groups: Group I - 26 patients, to whom external-internal suprapapillary cholangiostomy was done; Group II - 28 patients, in whom transcutaneous transhepatic antegrade endobiliary stenting was performed; Group III -17 patients, to whom endoscopic retrograde biliary stenting was accomplished.
Results. Technical success in all the Groups have constituted 100%; clinical one - in 94.0%: in Group I - 96.2%, in Group II - 89.3%, and in group III - 82.4% (p>0.05). In Group I general rate of morbidity was lesser, including cholangitis and pancreatitis. The duration of cholangitis was lesser as well. Cumulative survival were the highest in Group of patients, to whom external-internal suprapapillary cholangiostomy was performed (135 days at average), while the least one - in Group of the patients, in whom endoscopic retrograde biliary stenting was done (90,6 days). In Group of patients, to whom transcutaneous transhepatic antegrade endobiliary stenting was performed, this index have constitited 101.2 days.
Conclusion. In proximal strictures of biliary ducts of tumoral genesis on background of jaundice the priority method of palliative treatment must be external-internal suprapapillary cholangiostomy, while the second-line of surgical treatment must constitute transcutaneous transhepatic antegrade endobiliary stenting. Endoscopic retrograde biliary stenting owes the lowest priority
Using muon rings for the optical throughput calibration of the SST-1M prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) are ground-based instruments
devoted to the study of very high energy gamma-rays coming from space. The
detection technique consists of observing images created by the Cherenkov light
emitted when gamma rays, or more generally cosmic rays, propagate through the
atmosphere. While in the case of protons or gamma-rays the images present a
filled and more or less elongated shape, energetic muons penetrating the
atmosphere are visualised as characteristic circular rings or arcs. A
relatively simple analysis of the ring images allows the reconstruction of all
the relevant parameters of the detected muons, such as the energy, the impact
parameter, and the incoming direction, with the final aim to use them to
calibrate the total optical throughput of the given IACT telescope. We present
the results of preliminary studies on the use of images created by muons as
optical throughput calibrators of the single mirror small size telescope
prototype SST-1M proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array.Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference
(ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at
arXiv:1508.0589
Software design for the control system for Small-Size Telescopes with single-mirror of the Cherenkov Telescope Array
The Small-Size Telescope with single-mirror (SST-1M) is a 4 m Davies-Cotton
telescope and is among the proposed telescope designs for the Cherenkov
Telescope Array (CTA). It is conceived to provide the high-energy ( few TeV)
coverage. The SST-1M contains proven technology for the telescope structure and
innovative electronics and photosensors for the camera. Its design is meant to
be simple, low-budget and easy-to-build industrially.
Each device subsystem of an SST-1M telescope is made visible to CTA through a
dedicated industrial standard server. The software is being developed in
collaboration with the CTA Medium-Size Telescopes to ensure compatibility and
uniformity of the array control. Early operations of the SST-1M prototype will
be performed with a subset of the CTA central array control system based on the
Alma Common Software (ACS). The triggered event data are time stamped,
formatted and finally transmitted to the CTA data acquisition.
The software system developed to control the devices of an SST-1M telescope
is described, as well as the interface between the telescope abstraction to the
CTA central control and the data acquisition system.Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference
(ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at
arXiv:1508.0589
DigiCam - Fully Digital Compact Read-out and Trigger Electronics for the SST-1M Telescope proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
The SST-1M is one of three prototype small-sized telescope designs proposed
for the Cherenkov Telescope Array, and is built by a consortium of Polish and
Swiss institutions. The SST-1M will operate with DigiCam - an innovative,
compact camera with fully digital read-out and trigger electronics. A high
level of integration will be achieved by massively deploying state-of-the-art
multi-gigabit transmission channels, beginning from the ADC flash converters,
through the internal data and trigger signals transmission over backplanes and
cables, to the camera's server link. Such an approach makes it possible to
design the camera to fit the size and weight requirements of the SST-1M
exactly, and provide low power consumption, high reliability and long lifetime.
The structure of the digital electronics will be presented, along with main
physical building blocks and the internal architecture of FPGA functional
subsystems.Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference
(ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at
arXiv:1508.0589
The SST-1M camera for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
The prototype camera of the single-mirror Small Size Telescopes (SST-1M)
proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) project has been designed to
be very compact and to deliver high performance over thirty years of operation.
The camera is composed of an hexagonal photo-detection plane made of custom
designed large area hexagonal silicon photomultipliers and a high throughput,
highly configurable, fully digital readout and trigger system (DigiCam). The
camera will be installed on the telescope structure at the H.
Niewodnicza{\'n}ski institute of Nuclear Physics in Krakow in fall 2015. In
this contribution, we review the steps that led to the development of the
innovative photo-detection plane and readout electronics, and we describe the
test and calibration strategy adopted.Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference
(ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at
arXiv:1508.05894; Full consortium author list at http://cta-observatory.or
Prototype of the SST-1M Telescope Structure for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
A single-mirror small-size (SST-1M) Davies-Cotton telescope with a dish
diameter of 4 m has been built by a consortium of Polish and Swiss institutions
as a prototype for one of the proposed small-size telescopes for the southern
observatory of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). The design represents a
very simple, reliable, and cheap solution. The mechanical structure prototype
with its drive system is now being tested at the Institute of Nuclear Physics
PAS in Krakow. Here we present the design of the prototype and results of the
performance tests of the structure and the drive and control system.Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference
(ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at
arXiv:1508.0589
- …